Background and Objective: The digitization of medical records has increased the risk of unauthorized access to patients’ sensitive data, posing a significant challenge in the field of healthcare cybercrime. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate cybercrimes in healthcare, focusing on the analysis of unauthorized access to patients’ sensitive information.
Methods: This study employed a qualitative–analytical approach to examine the types of unauthorized access, intrusion methods, and their legal and security implications. Data were collected from scientific articles, reports from healthcare organizations, and real case files, and were analyzed using content analysis.
Results: The findings indicate that security vulnerabilities in health information systems and legal shortcomings are the main factors contributing to such crimes. The results can inform the development of policies and strategies to prevent unauthorized access.
Conclusion: Protecting patients’ privacy and data in the digital era requires the establishment of a resilient security ecosystem. This ecosystem should be built on three pillars: smart and dynamic laws and regulations that keep pace with technological advancements; robust technical and managerial infrastructures that safeguard data against attacks; and, most importantly, a knowledgeable, responsible, and committed workforce that bridges the first two pillars and serves as the primary line of defense.