New approaches in education and health sciences management

New approaches in education and health sciences management

Risk Factors Associated with the Development of Contrast-Induced Nephropathy in Hospitalized Patients Undergoing Diagnostic Angiography

Document Type : Original Article

Author
Nader Ramazanzadeh Rohi
Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Imam Ali Hospital, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
10.22034/edus.2025.236077
Abstract
Introduction: Contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) is one of the common and potentially serious complications following diagnostic imaging procedures using iodinated contrast media. It may lead to an increased incidence of acute kidney injury, prolonged hospitalization, and higher mortality rates. Identifying risk factors and effective preventive strategies plays a crucial role in reducing the occurrence of this complication. The aim of this study was to investigate factors associated with the development of contrast-induced nephropathy in hospitalized patients undergoing diagnostic angiography.
Methods: This prospective descriptive-analytical study was conducted on 95 hospitalized patients who underwent diagnostic angiography at Tehran Heart Center Hospital. Serum creatinine levels were measured before and 48–72 hours after contrast media administration. Data regarding age, sex, history of diabetes, hypertension, underlying chronic kidney disease, and the amount of fluid intake were collected. Contrast-induced nephropathy was defined as an increase of at least 0.5 mg/dL or a 25% rise in serum creatinine from baseline. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and analytical tests, including the chi-square test and independent t-test. Logistic regression analysis was performed to identify independent factors associated with the development of contrast-induced nephropathy.
Results: The findings showed that 18.9% of patients developed contrast-induced nephropathy. The occurrence of this complication was significantly associated with older age, the presence of diabetes, higher baseline serum creatinine levels, and inadequate fluid intake prior to angiography (p < 0.05). No significant association was observed between sex and the development of contrast-induced nephropathy (p > 0.05).
Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that contrast-induced nephropathy remains a significant complication among high-risk patients. Careful patient screening, optimization of hydration status, and close monitoring of renal function may play an important role in reducing the incidence of this complication and improving clinical outcomes.
Keywords
Contrast-Induced Nephropathy
Angiography
Serum Creatinine

Ethics Approval ID: IR.TUMS.REC.1393.214

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New approaches in education and health sciences management
Volume 3, Issue 1
april 2026
Spring 2026
Pages 35-44

  • Receive Date 05 October 2025
  • Revise Date 03 November 2025
  • Accept Date 11 January 2026
  • First Publish Date 11 January 2026
  • Publish Date 20 April 2026